{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-blog-post-js","path":"/Algorithm/BOJ-4803-Python/","result":{"data":{"site":{"siteMetadata":{"title":"hyesungoh","author":"hyesungoh","siteUrl":"https://www.hyesungoh.xyz","comment":{"disqusShortName":"","utterances":"hyesungoh/blog"},"sponsor":{"buyMeACoffeeId":""}}},"markdownRemark":{"id":"58f9316d-8ac4-58de-afe5-9246fb6567f3","excerpt":"그래프의 정점의 수, 간선의 수가 주어진다. 그 후 간선을 잇는 두 정점이 주어진다. 해당 그래프에서 사이클이 없는 트리의 개수를 구하는 문제. 두 풀이 모두 유니온 파인드 방법을 이용하여 풀었다. 첫 번째 풀이는 유니온 시 두 부모 노드가 같을 시 해당 부모 노드의 값을 모두 0으로 바꿔주어 트리인 것을 처리할려했다. 그대로 제출했더니 RecursionError를, setrecursionlimit를 설정하여 제출시 메모리초과 결과를 받았다. 질문을 통해 알게 된 사실인데…","html":"<p>그래프의 정점의 수, 간선의 수가 주어진다. 그 후 간선을 잇는 두 정점이 주어진다. 해당 그래프에서 사이클이 없는 트리의 개수를 구하는 문제. 두 풀이 모두 유니온 파인드 방법을 이용하여 풀었다. 첫 번째 풀이는 유니온 시 두 부모 노드가 같을 시 해당 부모 노드의 값을 모두 0으로 바꿔주어 트리인 것을 처리할려했다. 그대로 제출했더니 RecursionError를, setrecursionlimit를 설정하여 제출시 메모리초과 결과를 받았다. 질문을 통해 알게 된 사실인데 0이 속한 그룹의 루트가 0이라는 보장이 없기 때문에 루프가 생기는 문제가 있었다. 사이클인 트리와 연결되는 다른 노드.. 가 있을 때 정도라고 이해했다. 두 번째 풀이는 해당 부모노드의 값이 사이클인 지 저장하는 배열을 이용하여 풀었다. 유니온 시 더욱 작은 값을 부모 노드에 저장하고, 큰 노드의 값이 사이클이면 작은 노드의 값도 사이클로 할당하였다. 또한 간선이 잇는 노드를 입력받을 시 두 노드의 부모 노드가 같을 시 사이클로 저장하였다. 출력시 사이클이지 않은 값을 세어 주었으며, 사이클이 아닐 시 해당 노드를 사이클로 다시 판명하여 중복되는 것을 막았다.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\"># import sys</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># input = sys.stdin.readline</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># sys.setrecursionlimit(10**9)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># def find(node):</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     if node == parents[node]:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         return node</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     p = find(parents[node])</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     parents[node] = p</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     return p</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># def union(a, b):</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     pa, pb = find(a), find(b)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     if pa != pb:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         parents[pb] = pa</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     else:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         parents[pa] = 0</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         parents[pb] = 0</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># def output(i, n):</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     if n == 0:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         print(\"Case %d: No trees.\" %i)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     elif n == 1:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         print(\"Case %d: There is one tree.\" %i)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     else:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         print(\"Case %d: A forest of %d trees.\" %(i, n))</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># index = 1</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># while True:</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     n, m = map(int, input().split())</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     if n == m == 0: break</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     parents = [i for i in range(n+1)]</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     for _ in range(m):</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         a, b = map(int, input().split())</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#         union(a, b)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     tree = set(find(i) for i in parents)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     output(index, len(tree)-1)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#     index += 1</span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import</span> sys\n<span class=\"token builtin\">input</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> sys<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>stdin<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>readline\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">find</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>node<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> node <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> node <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> parents<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>node<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> node\n\n    p <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> find<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>parents<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>node<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    parents<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>node<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> p\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">union</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> a <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> iscycle<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>b<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> iscycle<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span>\n        parents<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>b<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> a\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> iscycle<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> iscycle<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>b<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span>\n        parents<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> b\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">output</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> n <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Case %d: No trees.\"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">%</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">elif</span> n <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Case %d: There is one tree.\"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">%</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Case %d: A forest of %d trees.\"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">%</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nindex <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    n<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> m <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">int</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">input</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>split<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> n <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> m <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span>\n\n    parents <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> i <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">range</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>n<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n    iscycle <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token boolean\">False</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> i <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">range</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>n<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> _ <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">range</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>m<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>find<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">map</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">int</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">input</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>split<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> a <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n            iscycle<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n            union<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n    ans <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> i <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">range</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> n<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        pi <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> find<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">not</span> iscycle<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pi<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n            ans <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n            iscycle<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>pi<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span>\n\n    output<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>index<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ans<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    index <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></code></pre></div>","frontmatter":{"title":"BOJ-4803 - Python","date":"March 05, 2021"}}},"pageContext":{"slug":"/Algorithm/BOJ-4803-Python/","previous":{"fields":{"slug":"/Algorithm/BOJ-9507-Python/"},"frontmatter":{"title":"BOJ-9507 - Python","category":"Algorithm","draft":false}},"next":{"fields":{"slug":"/Algorithm/BOJ-3055-Python/"},"frontmatter":{"title":"BOJ-3055 - Python","category":"Algorithm","draft":false}}}},"staticQueryHashes":["3128451518","3290666882"]}